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Additional Protocol I
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949
and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts
Signed on 12 December 1977 - Entry into Force 7 December 1978

Table of Contents Preamble & PART I: General Provisions PART II: Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked PART III: Methods and Means of Warfare, Combatant and Prisoner of War Status PART IV: Civilian Population PART V: Execution of the conventions and of this Protocol PART VI: Final Provisions Annexes

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Table of Contents

Preamble

PART I: General Provisions

Article 1 - General principles and scope of application
Article 2 - Definitions
Article 3 - Beginning and end of application
Article 4 - Legal status of the Parties to the conflict
Article 5 - Appointment of Protecting Powers and of their substitute
Article 6 - Qualified persons
Article 7 - Meetings

PART II: Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked

SECTION I: GENERAL PROTECTION

Article 8 - Terminology
Article 9 - Field of application
Article 10 - Protection and care
Article 11 - Protection of persons
Article 12 - Protection of medical units
Article 13 - Discontinuance of protection of civilian medical units
Article 14 - Limitations on requisition of civilian medical units
Article 15 - Protection of civilian medical and religious personnel
Article 16 - General protection of medical duties
Article 17 - Role of the civilian population and of aid societies
Article 18 - Identification
Article 19 - Neutral and other States not Parties to the Conflict
Article 20 - Prohibition of reprisals

SECTION II: MEDICAL TRANSPORTATION

Article 21 - Medical vehicles
Article 22 - Hospital ships and coastal rescue craft
Article 23 - Other medical ships and craft
Article 24 - Protection of medical aircraft
Article 25 - Medical aircraft in areas not controlled by an adverse Party
Article 26 - Medical aircraft in contact or similat zones
Article 27 - Medical aircraft in areas controlled by an adverse Party
Article 28 - Restrictions on operations of medical aircraft
Article 29 - Notifications and agreements concerning medical aircraft
Article 30 - Landing and inspection of medical aircraft
Article 31 - Neutral or other States not Parties to the conflict

SECTION III: MISSING AND DEAD PERSONS

Article 32 - General principle
Article 33 - Missing persons
Article 34 - Remains of deceased

PART III: Meathods and Means of Warfare, Combatant and Prisoner of War Status

SECTION I: METHODS AND MEANS OF WARFARE

Article 35 - Basic rules
Article 36 - New weapons
Article 37 - Prohibition of perfidy
Article 38 - Recognized emblems
Article 39 - Emblems of nationality
Article 40 - Quarter
Article 41 - Safeguard of an enemy hors de combat
Article 42 - Occupants of aircraft

SECTION II: COMBATANT AND PRISONER-OF-WAR STATUS

Article 43 - Armed forces
Article 44 - Combatants and prisoners of war
Article 45 - Protection of persons who have taken part in hostilities
Article 46 - Spies
Article 47 - Mercenaries

PART IV: Civilian Population

SECTION I: GENERAL PROTECTION AGAINST EFFECTS OF HOSTILITIES

Chapter I Basic rule and field of application
Article 48 - Basic rule
Article 49 - Definition of attacks and scope of application

Chapter II Civilians and civilian population
Article 50 - Definition of civilians and civilian population
Article 51 - Protection of the civilian population

Chapter III Civilian objects
Article 52 - General protection of civilian objects
Article 53 - Protection of cultural objects and places of worship
Article 54 - Protection of objects indispensible to the survivial of the civilian population
Article 55 - Protection of the natural environment
Article 56 - Protection of works and installations containing dangerous forces

Chapter IV Precautionary measures
Article 57 - Precautions in attack
Article 58 - Precautions against the effects of attacks

Chapter V Localities and zones under special protection
Article 59 - Non-defined localities
Article 60 - Demilitarized zones

Chapter VI Civil defence
Article 61 - Definitions and scope
Article 62 - General protection
Article 63 - Civil defence in occupied territories
Article 64 - Civilian civil defence organizations of neutral or other States not Parties to the conflict and international co-ordinating organizations
Article 65 - Cessation of protection
Article 66 - Identification
Article 67 - Members of the armed forces and military units assigned to civil defence organizations

SECTION II: RELIEF IN FAVOR OF THE CIVILIAN POPULATION

Article 68 - Field of application
Article 69 - Basic needs in occupied territories
Article 70 - Relief actions
Article 71 - Personnel participating in relief actions

SECTION III: TREATMENT OF PERSONS IN THE POWER OF A PARTY TO THE CONFLICT

Chapter I Field of application and protection of persons and objects
Article 72 - Field of application
Article 73 - Refugees and stateless persons
Article 74 - Reunion of dispersed families
Article 75 - Fundamental guarantees

Chapter II Measures in favour of women and children
Article 76 - Protection of women
Article 77 - Protection of children
Article 78 - Evacuation of children

Chapter III Journalists
Article 79 - Measures of protection for journalists

PART V: Execution of the conventions and of this Protocol

SECTION I: GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 80 - Measures for execution
Article 81 - Activities of the Red Cross and other humanitarian organizations
Article 82 - Legal advisers in armed forces
Article 83 - Dissemination
Article 84 - Rules of application

SECTION II: REPRESSION OF BREACHES OF THE CONVENTION AND OF THIS PROTOCOL

Article 85 - Repression of breaches of this Protocol
Article 86 - Failure to act
Article 87 - Duty of commanders
Article 88 - Mutual assistance in criminal matters
Article 89 - Co-operation
Article 90 - International Fact-Finding Commission
Article 91 - Responsibility

PART VI: Final Provisions

Article 92 - Signature
Article 93 - Ratification
Article 94 - Accession
Article 95 - Entry into force
Article 96 - Treaty relations upon entry into force of this Protocol
Article 97 - Amendment
Article 98 - Revision of Annex I
Article 99 - Denunciation
Article 100 - Notification
Article 101 - Registration
Article 102 - Authentic texts

Annexes

ANNEX I TO PROTOCOL I REGULATIONS CONCERNING IDENTIFICATION

Chapter I Identity Cards
Article 1 - Identity card for permanent civilian medical and religious personnel
Article 2 - Identity card for temporary civilian medical and religious personnel

Chapter II The distinctive emblem
Article 3 - Shape and nature
Article 4 - Use

Distinctive signals
Article 5 - Optional use
Article 6 - Light signal
Article 7 - Radio signal
Article 8 - Electronic signal

Communications
Article 9 - Radiocommunication
Article 10 - Use of international codes
Article 11 - Other means of communication
Article 12 - Flight plans
Article 13 - Signals and procedures for the interception of medical aircraft

Civil defence
Article 14 - Identity card
Article 15 - International distinctive sign

Works and installations containing dangerous forces
Article 16 - International special sign

ANNEX I AS AMENDED ON 30 NOVEMBER 1993: REGULATIONS CONCERNING IDENTIFICATION

Article 1 - General provisions
Chapter I. Identity cards
Article 2 - Identity card for permanent civilian medical and religious personnel
Article 3 - Identity card for temporary civilian medical and religious personnel

Chapter II. The distinctive emblem
Article 4 - shape
Articel 5 - Use

Chapter III. Distinctive signals
Article 6 - Use
Articel 7 - Light signal
Article 8 - Radio signal
Article 9 - Electronic identification

Chapter IV. Communications
Article 10 - Radiocommunications
Articel 11 - Use of international codes
Article 12 - Other means of communication
Article 13 - Flight plans
Article 14 - Signals and procedures for the interception of medical aircraft

Chapter V. Civil Defence
Article 15 - Identity card
Article 16 - International distinctive sign

Chapter VI. Works and installations containing dangerous forces
Article 17 - International special sign

ANNEX II TO PROTOCOL I

IDENTITY CARD FOR JOURNALISTS ON DANGEROUS PROFESSIONAL MISSIONS

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